欢迎您访问52ij英汉互译网，今天小编为你分享的英语知识是：【为什么说海豚是世界上第二聪明的动物？】，下面是详细的分享！
为什么说海豚是世界上第二聪明的动物？
Today at Discovery News you can find out why dolphins are now believed to be the world's second most intelligent animals, with only humans displaying greater brainpower.
今天，在探索新闻里，我们将向您揭示为何海豚被认为是目前智力仅居于人类之后的、世界上第二聪明的动物。
Intelligence itself is a very loaded issue. It's difficult to compare one individual's brilliance with that of another within the same species, much less to attempt to compare intelligence among multiple species. Intelligence is just one component of a species' survival, so one can argue that spiders have evolved to be as smart as they need to be for their species to continue, rats are as brainy as they need to be, and so on.
智力本身就包含着许多复杂的因素.在同一物种中，都很难比较两个个体的智商的高下，更不必说在不同物种间了。智力是一个物种得以生存繁衍的条件之一。因此，我们可以认为，蜘蛛的智力水平进化到了这个物种能够得以生存的程度，老鼠等也是如此。
If human standards for intelligence are applied to non-human animals, however, dolphins come very close to our own brain aptitude levels, suggests Emory University dolphin expert Lori Marino.
埃默里大学海豚专家洛里马里诺说，如果把人类的智力水平评判标准应用到动物身上，则海豚的大脑资质水平和人类的十分相近。
She's performed MRI scans of dolphin brains. The scans prove dolphin brains are:
·big, relative to body size
·intricate, with a neocortex "more highly convoluted than our own"
·structured to allow for self-awareness and the processing of what Marino calls "complex emotions"
她对海豚的大脑进行了核磁共振扫描.结果显示，海豚的大脑有以下特征:
·大脑很大--相对于体形来讲；
·复杂--大脑皮质褶皱程度比人类的还要高；
·有产生自我意识的结构和处理圣马力诺所谓的“复杂的感情”的结构。
All animals share the capacity for emotions, she explained, but the part of the dolphin brain associated with processing emotional information is particularly expanded.
她说,虽然所有的动物的大脑都具备处理情感信息的能力，但是海豚大脑的这个能力特别强。
Why then did dolphins evolve to become so brainy?
那么为什么海豚的智商进化到如此之高呢？
Marino and her colleagues have analyzed modern dolphins and remains of ancient marine mammals to help answer that question.
马里诺和她的同事通过研究现代的海豚和古代海洋哺乳动物的化石，揭示了问题的答案。
新春课程温暖上线，春季，和网校一起成长！
价值上千元的课程，在52ij英汉互译只要200元！快来体验最新潮、简便、高效的学习模式吧！
★ 中级口译春季班：【点击这里报名】
★ 高级口译春季班：【点击这里报名】
★ BEC商务英语初级春季班：【点击这里报名】
★ BEC商务英语中级春季班：【点击这里报名】
The first jump in brain size happened 39 million years ago, when odontocetes (members of an order that includes dolphins, toothed whales, sperm whales, beaked whales and porpoises) diverged from their ancestral Archaeoceti group. When this split occurred, body sizes for some decreased and brain sizes increased, especially in the ancestors of modern dolphins. This coincided with the emergence of echolocation, so improved communication skills likely were tied to the brain size boost.
(海豚的)大脑体积的第一次跳跃式增长发生在3千9百万年前。那时，齿鲸亚目(该目包括海豚、齿鲸、抹香鲸、喙鲸等成员)从古鲸亚目中分离出来，而其中的一些成员，特别是现代海豚的祖先，体型减小，大脑体积增大。与此同时，海豚的大脑有了回声定位的能力.因此,沟通能力的提升也很有可能与大脑体积的增大相关。
Fifteen million years ago yet another brain growth spurt happened. Marino and her colleagues speculate that changes in social ecology-essentially the dolphin's social lifestyle-probably contributed to the process. For example, the more a dolphin needed to communicate, benefiting its survival, the more its brain evolved to permit that interaction.
而1千5百万年前,(海豚的)大脑又经历了一次突然的进化.马里诺和她的同事推测，社交环境的改变-特别是海豚生活方式的改变,很可能是造成这次进化的原因。比如，海豚越是需要沟通以利生存，它们的大脑就越会朝着这个方向进化。
Moving to the present, dolphins have brains that are about "five times larger for their body size when compared to another animal of similar size," Marino said. "In humans, the measure is seven times larger-not a huge difference."
回过头来说，现如今，与体型相近的动物相比，海豚的大脑要上大5倍.马里诺说，“人类大脑是同体型动物的7倍--(和海豚的相比)差别并不是很大。”
She concluded, "Essentially, the brains of primates and cetaceans arrived at the same cognitive space while evolving along quite different paths."
她总结说，“灵长类动物和鲸类的大脑的认知能力基本上处在同一是水平，只是进化方式截然不同。”
新春课程温暖上线，春季，和网校一起成长！
价值上千元的课程，在52ij英汉互译只要200元！快来体验最新潮、简便、高效的学习模式吧！
★ 中级口译春季班：【点击这里报名】
★ 高级口译春季班：【点击这里报名】
★ BEC商务英语初级春季班：【点击这里报名】
★ BEC商务英语中级春季班：【点击这里报名】
- 评论列表（网友评论仅供网友表达个人看法，并不表明本站同意其观点或证实其描述）
-