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Becoming a billionaire takes a mixture of smarts, ambition and luck. Here's a look at a few other traits that certain clusters of billionaires share.ÏëÒª³ÉΪÒÚÍò¸»ºÀ£¬Ì츳¡¢±§¸ººÍÔËÆøÈ±Ò»²»¿É¡£ÏÂÃæ¾ÍÀ´¿´¿´ÕâЩÒÚÍò¸»ºÀ¶¼ÓÐ×ÅÄÄЩ¹²Í¬ÌØÐÔ£º
Parents Had Math-Related Careers ¸¸Ä¸´ÓÊÂÊýѧÏà¹ØÖ°Òµ
The ability to crunch numbers is normally a key to becoming a billionaire. Often, mathematical prowess is hereditary. Some of the most common professions among the parents of American billionaires for whom we could find that information were engineer, accountant and small-business owner.Ïû»¯Êý×ÖµÄÄÜÁ¦Í¨³£ÊdzÉΪÒÚÍò¸»ºÀµÄ¹Ø¼üÒòËØÖ®Ò»¡£Êýѧ²ÅÄÜÊÇ¿ÉÒÔÒÅ´«µÄ¡£ÔÚÃÀ¹ú³¬¼¶¸»ºÀµÄ¸¸Ä¸ÃÇËù´ÓʵÄÖ°Òµµ±ÖУ¬×î³£¼ûµÄÊǹ¤³Ìʦ¡¢»á¼ÆºÍСÆóÒµÖ÷¡£
September Birthdays ¾ÅÔ³öÉúÕßÖÚ¶à
Of the 380 self-made American tycoons who have appeared on the Forbes list of the World's Billionaires in the past three years, 42 were born in September--more than in any other month. Maybe that's because September is the month the Forbes list of the 400 richest Americans is published.ÔÚ¡¶¸£²¼Ë¹¡·È«Çò¸»ºÀÅÅÐаñµÄ380λ°×ÊÖÆð¼ÒµÄÃÀ¹úÒÚÍò¸»ºÀÖУ¬ÓÐ42È˳öÉúÓÚ9Ô£¬ÕâÊÇÒÚÍò¸»ºÀ×î¶àµÄÔ·ݡ£Õâ¿ÉÄÜÊÇÒòΪ¸£²¼Ë¹ÃÀ¹ú¸»ºÀ°ñ400Ç¿ÔÚ¾ÅÔ·¢²¼µÄÔµ¹Ê¡£
Tech Titans Who Dropped Out of College ´óѧê¡Ñ§´´ÒµµÄ¿Æ¼¼¾ÞÍ·
Forget everything your guidance counselor told you: You don't have to go to college to be successful. More than 20% of the self-made American moguls on the most recent list of the World's Billionaires never finished college. Many of them made their fortunes in tech. Among them: Bill Gates (Microsoft), Steve Jobs (Apple), Michael Dell (Dell), Larry Ellison (Oracle) and Theodore Waitt (Gateway).ÄÇЩ¸ßУָµ¼¹ËÎÊ˵µÄ¶¼ÊÇ·Ï»°£ºÏëÒª¹¦³ÉÃû¾Í¸ù±¾²»ÓÃÉÏ´óѧ¡£ÔÚÃÀ¹ú380Ãû°×ÊÖÆð¼ÒµÄÒÚÍò¸»ºÀµ±ÖУ¬ÓÐ20%ÒÔÉϵÄÈË´ÓδÉϹý´óѧ»òûÓÐÍê³É´óѧѧҵ¡£ÕâÒ»µãÔڿƼ¼´´ÒµµÄÒÚÍò¸»ºÀÖÐÓÈΪÃ÷ÏÔ£¬ËûÃÇÖаüÀ¨£º±È¶û¡¤¸Ç´Ä£¨Î¢Èí£©¡¢Ê·µÙ·ò¡¤ÇDz¼Ë¹£¨Æ»¹û£©¡¢Âõ¿Ë¶û¡¤´÷¶û£¨´÷¶û£©¡¢ÀÀ°£ÀïÉ£¨¼×¹ÇÎÄ£©ºÍÎ÷°Â¶à¶û¡¤ÍßÒÁÌØ£¨½ÝÍþ£©¡£
Skull and Bones ÉñÃØ÷¼÷ûá×éÖ¯³ÉÔ±
Several current and former billionaires rounded out their Yale careers as members of Skull and Bones, the secret society portrayed with enigmatic relish by Hollywood in movies like The Skulls and W. Among those who were inducted: investor Edward Lampert, Blackstone co-founder Steven Schwarzman and FedEx founder Frederick Smith.һЩĿǰºÍÔø¾µÄÒÚÍò¸»ºÀ£¬¶¼ÔøÒÔ¡°÷¼÷ûᡱ»áÔ±Éí·ÝÍê³ÉҮ³´óѧѧҵ¡£¡¶÷¼÷õ³¡·ºÍ¡¶W¡·µÈºÃÀ³ÎëµçÓ°½«÷¼÷ûáÃè»æ³ÉÈËÃÇÑÛÖÐÒ»¸ö¸ßÉîβâµÄÃØÃÜÉçÍÅ¡£Ôø¼ÓÃË¡°÷¼÷ûᡱµÄÒÚÍò¸»ºÀ°üÀ¨Í¶×Ê´óºà°®µÂ»ª¡¤À¼²®ÌØ¡¢ºÚʯÁªºÏ´´Ê¼ÈËÊ·µÙ·ò¡¤Ê©Íß´ÄÂüºÍÁª°î¿ìµÝµÄ´´Ê¼È˸¥À×µÂÀï¿Ë¡¤Ê·ÃÜ˹µÈ¡£
Goldman Sachs ¹©Ö°¸ßÊ¢¼¯ÍÅ
A stint at investment bank Goldman Sachs is a prime credential for becoming a finance billionaire. Of the 68 self-made American billionaires that derive their fortunes from finance, at least eight cut their teeth in Goldman's investment banking, trading, or asset management divisions. The company's crown jewel: its "risk arbitrage" unit, which launched the careers of billionaires Edward Lampert and Daniel Och, as well as former billionaires Tom Steyer and Richard Perry.ÔøÔÚͶ×ÊÒøÐиßÊ¢¼¯Íŵ£ÈÎְ룬ÊdzÉΪ½ðÈÚÒµÒÚÍò¸»Î̵ÄÖ÷Ҫƾ֤¡£ÔÚÃÀ¹ú68λ°×ÊÖÆð¼ÒÔÚ½ðÈÚҵ߳ßå·çÔÆµÄÒÚÍò¸»ºÀÖУ¬ÖÁÉÙÓÐ8È˵ÄÔçÆÚÖ°ÒµÉúÑÄÊÇÔÚ¸ßÊ¢¼¯ÍŵÄͶ×ÊÒøÐС¢Ã³Ò׺Í×ʲú¹ÜÀíµÈ²¿ÃŶȹýµÄ¡£¸ßÊ¢¼¯ÍŵĹؼüÏîÄ¿·çÏÕÌ×»ã¾ÍÔø¼ûÖ¤ÁËÒÚÍò¸»ºÀ°®µÂ»ª¡¤À¼²®ÌØ¡¢µ¤Äá¶û¡¤°Â¿Ë£¬»¹ÓÐÔø¾µÄ¸»ºÀÌÀÄ·¡¤Ë¹µÙ¶ûÒÔ¼°Àí²éµÂ¡¤ÅåÀïµÄÖ°ÒµÉúÑÄ¡£
Getting an M.B.A. from a Top-Tier Business School¶¥¼¶ÉÌѧԺ±ÏÒµ
A graduate degree from a top-tier school is no guarantee of success. But it can't hurt, especially if you get an M.B.A. from Harvard, as did 32 of the self-made entrepreneurs on our World's Billionaires. Another 33 took home M.B.A.s from Stanford, Columbia or U. Penn's Wharton School of Business.±ÏÒµÓÚ¶¥¼¶ÉÌѧԺ²¢²»Äܱ£Ö¤Äã¾ÍÄܳɹ¦£¬µ«ÓÐÁËҲû»µ´¦£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÈç¹ûÊDZÏÒµÓÚ¹þ·ðÉÌѧԺÕâÑùµÄ¶¥¼¶Ñ§Ð£¡£ÊÀ½ç¸»ºÀÅÅÐаñÉϰ×ÊÖÆð¼ÒµÄ¸»ºÀÓÐ32λ±ÏÒµÓÚ¹þ·ð£¬ÁíÓÐ33λӵÓÐ˹̹¸£´óѧ¡¢¸çÂ×±ÈÑÇ´óѧ»ò±öϦ·¨ÄáÑÇ´óѧµÄÎÖ¶ÙÉÌѧԺµÄMBAѧλ¡£
Failure Ôø¾ºÜʧ°Ü
Many billionaires developed their uncanny attention to detail after experiencing a scarring failure early in their careers. Hedge fund manager Jamie Dinan saw his entire life savings wiped out in the stock market crash of 1987. Pharmaceutical tycoon R.J. Kirk's first venture was a flop. Says Kirk: "Failure early on is a necessary condition for success, though not a sufficient one."ÓкܶàÒÚÍò¸»ºÀ¶¼ÊÇÔÚ¾Àú¹ýÖ°ÒµÉúÑÄÔçÆÚµÄ²Òʹʧ°Üºó£¬²Å·¢Õ¹³öÁ˶Ôϸ½ÚµÄÃôÈñ¹Ø×¢¡£¶Ô³å»ù½ð¾Àíղķ˹¡¤µÏÄÏ£¨Ô¼¿Ë×ʱ¾¹ÜÀí¹«Ë¾´´Ê¼ÈË£©£¬ËûµÄÈ«²¿Éí¼ÒÔÚ1987Äê¹ÉÊбÀÅ̺óһƶÈçÏ´£»ÖÆÒ©Òµ´óºà¿Â¿ËµÄµÚÒ»´ÎÉÌҵðÏÕ×îÖÕÒÔʧ°Ü¸æÖÕ¡£¿Â¿Ë¶Ô¡¶¸£²¼Ë¹¡·ÔÓÖ¾±íʾ£º¡°ÔçÆÚµÄʧ°ÜËäÈ»²»Êdzɹ¦µÄ³ä·ÖÌõ¼þ£¬µ«È´ÊÇÒ»¸ö±ØÒªÌõ¼þ¡£¡±
Working at the Bass Family Investment Office ÔøÔÚ°Í˹ÐÖµÜͶÐдò¹¤
Originally founded as a vehicle for the brothers' oil inheritance, Bass Brothers Enterprises became a Mecca for young investors in the 1980s. Private equity mavens David Bonderman and Jim Coulter met in the offices of the Bass family's private investment vehicle. Others who worked for the family: real estate guru Tom Barrack, investor Richard Rainwater, hedge fund manager Marc Lasry and private equity maven Nicolas Berggruen.°Í˹Ðֵܹ«Ë¾Æð³õÊÇÐÖµÜÁ©Ê¯ÓͲúÒµµÄÔØÌ壬ÔÚÉÏÊÀ¼Í°ËÊ®Äê´ú³ÉΪÄêÇáÌì²ÅͶ×ÊÕßµÄÊ¥µØ¡£Ë½Ä¼¹ÉȨ¾ÞÍ·´óÎÀ¡¤°îµÂÂüºÍ¼ªÄ·¡¤¿â¶ûÌØ¶¼ÔøÔÚ°Í˹¼Ò×åµÄ˽ÈËͶ×ʲ¿ÃÅЧÁ¦¡£ÆäËûÔøÔÚ°Í˹Ðֵܹ¤×÷µÄÒÚÍò¸»ºÀ°üÀ¨·¿µØ²ú´óºàÌÀÄ·¡¤°ÍÀ¿Ë¡¢Í¶×ʼÒÀ×¶÷ÎÖÌØ¡¢¶Ô³å»ù½ð¾ÀíÂí¿Ë¡¤À˹ÀûºÍ˽ļ¹ÉȨר¼Ò²®¸ñ³¶÷µÈ¡£
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